Sagar Gubbi
Sagar is a software engineer at Google DeepMind. His research interest includes teaching language models to use tools and libraries.
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UGIF-DataSet: A New Dataset for Cross-lingual, Cross-modal Sequential actions on the UI
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024
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Help documents are supposed to aid smartphone users in resolving queries such as "How to block calls from unknown numbers?". However, given a query, identifying the right help document, understanding instructions from the document, and using them to resolve the issue at hand is challenging. The user experience may be enhanced by converting the instructions in the help document to a step-by-step tutorial overlaid on the phone UI. Successful execution of this task requires overcoming research challenges in retrieval, parsing, and grounding in the multilingual-multimodal setting. For example, user queries in one language may have to be matched against instructions in another language, which in turn needs to be grounded in a multimodal UI in yet another language. Moreover, there isn’t any relevant dataset for such a task. In order to bridge this gap, we introduce UGIF-DataSet, a multi-lingual, multi-modal UI grounded dataset for step-by-step task completion on the smartphone, containing 4,184 tasks across 8 languages. The instruction steps in UGIF-DataSet are available only in English, so the challenge involves operations in the cross-modal, cross-lingual setting. We compare the performance of different large language models for this task and find that the end-to-end task completion rate drops from 48% in English to 32% for other languages, demonstrating significant overall headroom for improvement. We are hopeful that UGIF-DataSet and our analysis will aid further research on the important problem of sequential task completion in the multilingual and multimodal setting.
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Stereotypes are oversimplified beliefs and ideas about particular groups of people. These cognitive biases are omnipresent in our language, reflected in human-generated dataset and potentially learned and perpetuated by language technologies. Although mitigating stereotypes in language technologies is necessary for preventing harms, stereotypes can impose varying levels of risks for targeted individuals and social groups by appearing in various contexts. Technical challenges in detecting stereotypes are rooted in the societal nuances of stereotyping, making it impossible to capture all intertwined interactions of social groups in diverse cultural context in one generic benchmark. This paper delves into the nuances of detecting stereotypes in an annotation task with humans from various regions of the world. We iteratively disambiguate our definition of the task, refining it as detecting ``generalizing language'' and contribute a multilingual, annotated dataset consisting of sentences mentioning a wide range of social identities in 9 languages and labeled on whether they make broad statements and assumptions about those groups. We experiment with training generalizing language detection models, which provide insight about the linguistic context in which stereotypes can appear, facilitating future research in addressing the dynamic, social aspects of stereotypes.
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