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Governing Innovation: Google's SOX Controls for AI/ML in Financial Systems

Eshan Bhatt
Glorin Sebastian
Ivey Publishing, Ivey Business School, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (2025)
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Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in financial systems is transforming risk modeling, forecasting, and operational efficiency. However, the adoption of these technologies introduces new risks to financial reporting. This business case outlines how organizations can design and implement SOX-compliant IT controls tailored to AI/ML use cases in Finance, aligning with Internal Control over Financial Reporting (ICFR) requirements and regulatory expectations.