Help and The Social Construction of Access: A Case-Study from India

A goal of accessible technology (AT) design is often to increase independence, i.e., to enable people with disabilities to accomplish tasks on their own without help. Recent work uses "interdependence" to challenge this view, a framing that recognizes mutual dependencies as critical to addressing the access needs of people with disabilities. However, empirical evidence examining interdependence is limited to the Global North; we address this gap, using interdependence as an analytical frame to understand how people with visual impairments (PVI) in India navigate indoor environments. Using interviews with PVI and their companions and a video-diary study we find that help is a central way of working for PVI to circumvent issues of social and structural inaccess and necessitates work. We uncover three kinds of interdependencies 1) self-initiated, 2) serendipitous, and 3) obligatory and discuss the implications these interdependencies have for AT design in the Global South.